...the need to re-tube exchangers that have localized corrosion or damage. The cost savings
are significant as the exchanger does not have to be disassembled or shipped to complete
the sleeving operation. Sleeves can be removed at a later date and new sleeves installed.
are significant as the exchanger does not have to be disassembled or shipped to complete
the sleeving operation. Sleeves can be removed at a later date and new sleeves installed.
...service life, some sleeve materials can be easily inspected
under to allow for continued inspection and document corro-
sion rates. Sleeving can add additional benefits such as, add
structural integrity to rolls and tubesheet joints, reduce “Cold”
zones where increased corrosion can occur and tighten loose
packed tube joints.
under to allow for continued inspection and document corro-
sion rates. Sleeving can add additional benefits such as, add
structural integrity to rolls and tubesheet joints, reduce “Cold”
zones where increased corrosion can occur and tighten loose
packed tube joints.
...a common problem found in process exchangers due to entrained abrasive solids or turb-
ulent flow conditions (non-laminar conditions). Header box and channel designs can also
add to the turbulence that is primary cause of erosion/corrosion to the tube ends. Metallic
inserts can shield and protect the tube ends from wear caused by these factors. Selection
of proper sleeve material, wall thickness and length is required to provide complete cover-
age of corrosion zone.
ulent flow conditions (non-laminar conditions). Header box and channel designs can also
add to the turbulence that is primary cause of erosion/corrosion to the tube ends. Metallic
inserts can shield and protect the tube ends from wear caused by these factors. Selection
of proper sleeve material, wall thickness and length is required to provide complete cover-
age of corrosion zone.
...metallic sleeving inserts is a cost effective and quick repair method that will return your
equipment to reliable service. Sleeve can be scheduled during routine maintenance sche-
dules to avoid last minute retubes or impacting plant operation.
equipment to reliable service. Sleeve can be scheduled during routine maintenance sche-
dules to avoid last minute retubes or impacting plant operation.
| View of Finfan being sleeved due to severe inlet thinning – Sleeve length 2’ |
...a protective sleeve into pre-existent equipment
is an accepted process to protect tubing from ac-
tive corrosion and/or erosion mechanisms. Thin
walled metal inserts can be hydraulically expan-
ded into existing tubes to add additional years of
service to a process exchanger.
is an accepted process to protect tubing from ac-
tive corrosion and/or erosion mechanisms. Thin
walled metal inserts can be hydraulically expan-
ded into existing tubes to add additional years of
service to a process exchanger.
Heat Exchanger Tube Sleeving
| FINFAN |
Correct design information is required to insure a high strength sleeve
to tube joint by the use of hydro-expansion techniques. The frictional
interference fit between the installed sleeve and the parent tube pro-
duced by hydro-expansion is governed by many variables. These varia-
bles are listed below.
It should be noted that specific tube heats may vary the expansion to a
great degree. Calculated and actual expansion pressures might be diffe-
rent and the calculated pressure is meant as a guide line for installation.
Determination of the actual field installing pressure are to be determined
by calculated and field tuned pressures that yield the proper fit.
Sleeve expansion develops interference fit pressure that expands the
sleeve for its entire length within the parent tube. The appropriate calcu-
lation’s for specific material yields, material compatibility, and sleeve in-
stallation pressure are reviewed prior to sleeve installation to insure
proper fit. Expansions of the sleeve test coupons are shown to have
wall reductions of between 2% and 5%. These wall reductions are appro-
ximately 1/3rd to 1/2 of the wall reductions found in hard rolled tubes.
to tube joint by the use of hydro-expansion techniques. The frictional
interference fit between the installed sleeve and the parent tube pro-
duced by hydro-expansion is governed by many variables. These varia-
bles are listed below.
It should be noted that specific tube heats may vary the expansion to a
great degree. Calculated and actual expansion pressures might be diffe-
rent and the calculated pressure is meant as a guide line for installation.
Determination of the actual field installing pressure are to be determined
by calculated and field tuned pressures that yield the proper fit.
Sleeve expansion develops interference fit pressure that expands the
sleeve for its entire length within the parent tube. The appropriate calcu-
lation’s for specific material yields, material compatibility, and sleeve in-
stallation pressure are reviewed prior to sleeve installation to insure
proper fit. Expansions of the sleeve test coupons are shown to have
wall reductions of between 2% and 5%. These wall reductions are appro-
ximately 1/3rd to 1/2 of the wall reductions found in hard rolled tubes.
Load pressure – 2000 PSIG
Yield Pressure – Calculated and field tuned
(8000 PSIG - .750 X .030 wall – 316l Stainless Steel)
Interference fit pressure - Yield pressure + 1000 PSIG
Tube O.D. – (Eg - . . 1” O.D. )
Tube I.D. - (Eg. - .782 I.D.)
Tube wall Thickness – (Eg. - .109)
Tube Material – (Eg. – SA-178)
Sleeve O.D. – (Eg. - .593 “ O.D.)
Sleeve I.D. – (Eg. - .495” I.D.)
Sleeve wall thickness – (eg. - .049”)
Sleeve Material – 316 L Stainless steel)
Yield Pressure – Calculated and field tuned
(8000 PSIG - .750 X .030 wall – 316l Stainless Steel)
Interference fit pressure - Yield pressure + 1000 PSIG
Tube O.D. – (Eg - . . 1” O.D. )
Tube I.D. - (Eg. - .782 I.D.)
Tube wall Thickness – (Eg. - .109)
Tube Material – (Eg. – SA-178)
Sleeve O.D. – (Eg. - .593 “ O.D.)
Sleeve I.D. – (Eg. - .495” I.D.)
Sleeve wall thickness – (eg. - .049”)
Sleeve Material – 316 L Stainless steel)
| View of process gas cooler in sleeving process – Sleeve length 3’ |
Thorough review of corrosion mechanism, location and extent allow for
the sleeving of tubular process equipment to be fully effective. The cor-
rect sleeve metallurgy being selected, the sleeve being positioned with-
in the corrosion area, and the correct sleeve length to cover the corro-
sion area must all be considered when planning a sleeve operation.
the sleeving of tubular process equipment to be fully effective. The cor-
rect sleeve metallurgy being selected, the sleeve being positioned with-
in the corrosion area, and the correct sleeve length to cover the corro-
sion area must all be considered when planning a sleeve operation.
Conditional analysis of heat transfer tubing is a major concern due to
budgeted funding, repair, retube, and or modification of your heat trans-
fer equipment to return it to 100 percent capacity. For this reason a com-
prehensive Eddy Current inspection should be performed to allow your
plant personnel to make wise decision's concerning tubular equipment.
budgeted funding, repair, retube, and or modification of your heat trans-
fer equipment to return it to 100 percent capacity. For this reason a com-
prehensive Eddy Current inspection should be performed to allow your
plant personnel to make wise decision's concerning tubular equipment.
The installation of...
Inlet erosion is...
Tube sleeving by...
Sleeving reduces...
To extend the...
| PROCEDURE FOR HYDRO-EXPANSION |
| SLEEVE INSTALLATION |
| NOMENCLATURE |
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Magnetec
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EXCHANGER TUBE
SLEEVING / FERRULES
SLEEVING / FERRULES
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| Full length sleeve expansion 921 tubes completed in 27 hours |
Tubes should be clean from all debris and the tube ends free of dings,
weld spatter, ect. The parent tube is prepared for sleeve installation –
measurements are re-confirmed as correct on the parent tube I.D. sur-
face and sleeve. A sleeve is installed onto the sleeving tube – Expan-
sion pressure is brought to 2000 PSIG to lock sleeve on installation tool-
ing. The sleeve is installed into the parent tube section and set to the
predetermined position (Flush or protruded). The sleeve is raised to it’s
expansion/yield pressure where the stress pressure begins to yield the
tube and reacts in a fully elastic condition. The sleeve is brought to it’s
interference pressure (IP). The sleeve is held as it’s IP for a predeter-
mined time (Dwell Time)during which there is elastic material recovery
(Spring back). The pressures are released and installation tool removed.
The flared sleeve end is rolled into the parent tube (Soft Roll). The
straight sleeve end is expanded to the tube parent tube.
weld spatter, ect. The parent tube is prepared for sleeve installation –
measurements are re-confirmed as correct on the parent tube I.D. sur-
face and sleeve. A sleeve is installed onto the sleeving tube – Expan-
sion pressure is brought to 2000 PSIG to lock sleeve on installation tool-
ing. The sleeve is installed into the parent tube section and set to the
predetermined position (Flush or protruded). The sleeve is raised to it’s
expansion/yield pressure where the stress pressure begins to yield the
tube and reacts in a fully elastic condition. The sleeve is brought to it’s
interference pressure (IP). The sleeve is held as it’s IP for a predeter-
mined time (Dwell Time)during which there is elastic material recovery
(Spring back). The pressures are released and installation tool removed.
The flared sleeve end is rolled into the parent tube (Soft Roll). The
straight sleeve end is expanded to the tube parent tube.
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